Combined Predictive Model for Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Success in Adults and Children.

BACKGROUND: The selection of patients in whom endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) can be effective remains poorly defined. The ETV success score (ETVSS) and the presence of bowing of the third ventricle have been identified as independent factors for predicting success, each with limitations. The objective of this study is to elaborate a combined predictive model to predict ETV success in a mixed cohort of patients. METHODS: Demographic, intraoperative, postoperative, and radiologic variables were analyzed in all ventriculostomies performed consecutively at a single institution from December 2004 to December 2022. Qualitative and quantitative measurements of preoperative, immediate, and late postoperative magnetic resonance imaging were conducted. Univariate analysis and logistic regression models were performed. RESULTS: 118 ETVs were performed in the selected period. Of these procedures, 106 met the inclusion criteria. The overall success rate was 71.7%, with a median follow-up of 3.64 years (interquartile range, 1.06-5.62). The median age was 36.1 years (interquartile range, 11.7-53.5). 35.84% were children (median, 7.81 years). Among the 80 patients with third ventricle bowing, the success rate was 88.8% (P < 0.001). Larger third ventricle dimensions on preoperative mid-sagittal magnetic resonance imaging were associated with increased ETV success. The model with the best receiver operating characteristic curves, with an area under the curve of 0.918 (95% confidence interval, 0.856-0.979) includes sex, ETVSS, presence of complications, and third ventricle bowing. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of bowing of the third ventricle is strongly associated with a higher ETV success rate. However, a combined predictive model that integrates it with the ETVSS is the most appropriate approach for selecting patients for ETV.

Multicentric and collaborative study of Spanish neurosurgical management of pediatric craniopharyngiomas: S-PedCPGco / Estudio multicéntrico colaborativo del manejo neuroquirúrgico del craneofaringioma pediátrico en España: S-PedCPGco

Purpose To present a descriptive analysis of pediatric craniopharyngiomas (PedCPG) treated in various Spanish hospitals, defining factors related to recurrence and performing a critical analysis of the results. Methods We undertook a multicenter retrospective review of PedCPG treated between 2000 and 2017. Data collected included epidemiological variables, clinical and radiological characteristics, goal of first surgery, rate of recurrence and its approach, adjuvant treatment, complications and permanent morbidity. Associations were studied between progression and number of progressions and independent variables. Results The study involved 69 children from 8 Spanish hospitals. Most of the tumors invaded several intracranial compartments at diagnosis, with the hypothalamus involved in 41.3% of cases. The first treatment strategy was usually gross total resection (GTR) (71%), with some patients treated with radiotherapy or intracystic chemotherapy. The progression rate after first surgery was 53% in a mean follow-up of 88.2 months (range 7–357). In the GTR group 38.8% of tumors recurred, 40% in the group of subtotal resection or biopsy and 93.3% in the cyst fenestration±Ommaya reservoir group. Mortality was 7.2%. Follow-up period, size of the tumor and goal of first surgery were significantly related with progression. Conclusions Our results in terms of disease control, hormonal or visual impairment and mortality were acceptable, but there are several areas for improvement. Our short-term goals should be to create a national register of PedCPG, reach a consensus about a treatment algorithm, and improve diagnosis of hypothalamic dysfunction to avoid preventable morbidity (AU)

Objetivo Presentar un análisis descriptivo de los craneofaringiomas pediátricos tratados en varios hospitales españoles, definiendo los factores relacionados con la recurrencia y realizando un análisis crítico de los resultados. Métodos Estudio retrospectivo multicéntrico de los craneofaringiomas pediátricos tratados entre 2000-2017. Se recogieron variables epidemiológicas, clínicas y radiológicas, el objetivo de la primera cirugía, la tasa de recurrencia y su abordaje, los tratamientos adyuvantes, así como las complicaciones y la morbilidad permanente. Se estudió la relación estadística entre la progresión y el número de progresiones con las variables independientes. Resultados Se incluyeron 69 niños tratados en 8 hospitales españoles. La mayoría de los tumores se extendían por varios compartimentos intracraneales al diagnóstico, con invasión hipotalámica en el 41,3%. Habitualmente, la primera estrategia de tratamiento fue la resección radical (71%), con algunos pacientes tratados con radioterapia o quimioterapia intraquística. La tasa de progresión tras la primera cirugía fue del 53% en un seguimiento medio de 88,2 meses (rango 7-357). En el grupo de resección radical recurrieron un 38,8% de los tumores, un 40% en el de resección subtotal o biopsia y un 93,3% en el de fenestración quística±reservorio Ommaya. La mortalidad fue de un 7,2%. Las variables relacionadas de forma significativa con progresión fueron el tiempo de seguimiento, el tamaño del tumor y el objetivo de la primera cirugía. Conclusiones Los resultados obtenidos fueron aceptables en control de la enfermedad, secuelas hormonales o visuales y mortalidad, aunque hay varias áreas susceptibles de mejora. Nuestros objetivos a corto plazo deberían estar orientados a crear un registro nacional de craneofaringiomas pediátricos, alcanzar un consenso respecto al algoritmo de tratamiento y mejorar el diagnóstico de la disfunción hipotalámica para evitar morbilidad (AU)

Multicentric and collaborative study of Spanish neurosurgical management of pediatric craniopharyngiomas: S-PedCPG.co.

PURPOSE: To present a descriptive analysis of pediatric craniopharyngiomas (PedCPG) treated in various Spanish hospitals, defining factors related to recurrence and performing a critical analysis of the results. METHODS: We undertook a multicenter retrospective review of PedCPG treated between 2000 and 2017. Data collected included epidemiological variables, clinical and radiological characteristics, goal of first surgery, rate of recurrence and its approach, adjuvant treatment, complications and permanent morbidity. Associations were studied between progression and number of progressions and independent variables. RESULTS: The study involved 69 children from 8 Spanish hospitals. Most of the tumors invaded several intracranial compartments at diagnosis, with the hypothalamus involved in 41.3% of cases. The first treatment strategy was usually gross total resection (GTR) (71%), with some patients treated with radiotherapy or intracystic chemotherapy. The progression rate after first surgery was 53% in a mean follow-up of 88.2 months (range 7-357). In the GTR group 38.8% of tumors recurred, 40% in the group of subtotal resection or biopsy and 93.3% in the cyst fenestration±Ommaya reservoir group. Mortality was 7.2%. Follow-up period, size of the tumor and goal of first surgery were significantly related with progression. CONCLUSIONS: Our results in terms of disease control, hormonal or visual impairment and mortality were acceptable, but there are several areas for improvement. Our short-term goals should be to create a national register of PedCPG, reach a consensus about a treatment algorithm, and improve diagnosis of hypothalamic dysfunction to avoid preventable morbidity.

Prognostic factors and survival in a prospective cohort of patients with high-grade glioma treated with carmustine wafers or temozolomide on an intention-to-treat basis.

BACKGROUND: Patients with high-grade glioma can be treated with carmustine wafers or following the Stupp protocol. As far as we are aware, no scientific evidence has been published comparing the two treatments. The primary objective of this study was to analyse the survival of groups of patients with each of these treatment modalities. The secondary objective was to assess the influence of the usual prognostic factors on the patients in our hospital. METHODS: A prospective cohort of 110 patients with single, supratentorial high-grade glioma treated by craniotomy and tumour resection was retrospectively studied. Half of the patients had carmustine wafers placed during this operation while the others (55) did not, the latter group receiving first-line systemic chemotherapy on an intention-to-treat basis. FINDINGS: Patients treated with carmustine wafers had a median survival of 13.414 months compared with 11.047 in the group without implants (p = 0.856). For the overall cohort of patients, the following factors were found to influence survival: age (p < 0.0001), postoperative KPS score (p = 0.001), histological grade (p = 0.004), RPA class (p = 0.001), extent of resection (p = 0.002) and salvage surgery (p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective cohort of patients, analysed on the basis of intention-to-treat at the time of the first surgery, no statistically significant differences in survival were found between the two treatment modalities (carmustine wafers vs. first-line systemic chemotherapy). On the other hand, age, preoperative KPS, histological grade, and RPA class were confirmed to be prognostic factors in this cohort. Finally, the extent of resection was also found to influence survival.